The need for surgery for lumbar spinal tuberculosis depends on the patient’s condition and the surgeon’s surgical technique. Most cases of spinal tuberculosis and brucellosis spondylitis can be treated conservatively. Surgery is indicated only if there is a large abscess, destruction of bone structure, deformity, impaired cervical stability, and if conservative treatment is ineffective and there is or will be damage to the spinal nerves, and lumbar spine tuberculosis can be treated with minimally invasive local drainage and chemotherapy.